I made an informal vow never to talk about abortion on my blog, because conversations of that sort tend to go nowhere fast. I was tempted back in January, after I read the January 21 NYT Sunday Magazine article titled, "Is there a Post-Abortion Syndrome?" (I can't link to the article because it's been archived, and you have to pay to read it). The article featured women activists who, based on their own personal experiences, wished to create a nationwide crusade to ban abortion because women who get abortions end up with serious mental and emotional problems. However, the post-abortion syndrome crusade hasn't gathered much momentum and remains fairly small, and the article pointed out that many women in fact do not suffer emotional issues after having an abortion. The issue resurfaced in this week's Sunday Magazine, in this letter from a reader. He did some googling and came up with an article in The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry that supports the views of the above crusaders. The article suggests a link between abortion and "elevated rates of subsequent mental health problems, including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviors, and substance-abuse disorders."
I'm not interested in addressing this debate on its own terms, or in tilting at the patriarchal windmill. What I found compelling was how this particular crusade signals a shift in the abortion debate from arguments based in morality to those based on medicine. The idea of mental health being used as a justification for law is disturbing to me. It's hard for me to say exactly why this is so. It seems new somehow; it's different from moral injunctions by the church, which have been around for centuries. Preventing women from obtaining an abortion on the grounds that it's harmful to their mental health is something that can happen only in our modern "free" societies.
I've been trying to wrap my head around this for a couple of days. The abortion debate usually gets framed as the state's intrusion upon private lives as a violation of rights, but I think that misses a larger point. I've been trying to piece together how the "argument from mental health" is a not an attempt to undermine our rights, but is instead a natural extension of the rights debates that are so integral to our political process. Although women claim to have a "right to privacy" on this matter, there is no "private" any more. The whole rights debate makes what is private public.
What do I mean? Let's look at laws against domestic violence or the neglect of children. By calling upon the state to protect women and children within our homes, we open our private lives to regulation by the state. I'm not saying this is necessarily a bad thing; my point is, the state can now define what is an "acceptable" or "unacceptable" home, and enforce these norms to protect the rights of citizens. When, as a minority, I insist upon laws protecting my civil rights, I am projecting my private designation as Asian female into the public sphere. Again, I'm not saying these things are instrinsically bad; rather, these are examples of the blurring of the distinction between private and public in our political system. The problem is that there is another side to the protection coin: intrusion and oppression.
Back to the post-abortion syndrome crusade. I want to stress that I don't see this as a vast conspiracy, but what I do see is an increasing trend within the mental health professions toward psychopathologization, and an increasing willingness among the general public to accept this. There have always been desirable and undesirable behaviors, but nowadays, these behaviors have been medicalized. So we don't have unruly and unmanageable children, we have children suffering from ADHD. And we have women suffering from post-abortion syndrome. Because we have a system that allows regulation of our private lives, groups that oppose abortion for whatever reason -- and there are many, not all of which are limited to patriarchal concerns -- can call upon the state to outlaw abortion for our own good. And this is not a perversion of the system, but a logical application of it.
You might argue that there are safeguards against excessive intrusion. In a democracy, citizens have input as to what the state regulates and how it does so, but is there equal access to the system by all citizens? Who gets to be a citizen, anyway, and under what criteria? And these days, with the Bush administration increasingly calling for the suspension of legal norms, do citizens really have any say so, and if so, for how long?
I'm sorry if this post is long and rambly, but I'm still trying to make sense of my own thoughts.
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